歌手：billie holiday
2012-12-14、歌谱控、人气:（载入中...）
- 姓名：billie holiday
- 性别：女
- 别名：暂无
- 国籍：暂无
- 语言：英语;
- 出生地：暂无
- 生日：1915
- 星座：暂无
- 身高：0
- 体重：0
billie holiday简介：Billie Holiday一直都是最有名的爵士乐女歌手，甚至在她逝世40年后，还是如此。 “Lady Day”（Lester Young这样称呼她）有一副音量不高而且也不吵杂的嗓音，但她的创新意识却使她在音乐界具有很大的影响力。她将自己的感情融入她所演唱的歌曲中（尤其是在她演唱生涯的后半期），这给人留下了深刻的印象，有些时候她的全身心投入甚至会让人感到震惊。她有时的确生活在她所演唱歌曲的世界里。她的原名和出生地很长一段时间里都被搞错了，但感谢Donald ClarkMoon上找到了Billie Holiday的权威性的生平介绍，我们才能准确写下她的名字。
Holiday的早年生活充满了传奇色彩，这要归咎与她离奇的自传Lady Sings the Blues，但说她的生活不稳定却并不
过分。她的父亲Clarence Holiday (他从未娶过Billie的母亲)曾和Fletcher Henderson一起演奏吉他。他很早就抛弃了他的家庭，而她母亲也不是一个好的典范。Billie在很大程度上说是独自一人长大的，没人爱和终身自卑的感觉一直缠绕着她，
这也导致她一生中都勇于冒险以及渐渐变得有些自我破坏欲。
Holiday因在Harlem club演唱而被John Hammod发现后，生活有了改善。他安排Holiday在1993年与Benny Goodman合作录制了几首歌，虽然并未获得怎样的成功但却标志着Holiday已经开始了自己的事业。两年以后Holiday与Teddy Wilson领导的乐队走到了一起。在1935年~1942年期间，她推出了她演唱生涯最好的几张唱片。此时她的表演带有很大的爵士乐风格，她融合了Louis Armstrong的旋转和Bessie Smith的声音，结果便形成了她全新的风格。在1937年，Lester Young和Buck Clayton都开始邀请Holiday与他们合作录制唱片，此后在这三人之间产生了无休无尽的相互影响。
Lady Day在1937年曾与Count Basie*s Orchestra合作，但因为双方属于不同的唱片公司，他们的合作成果仅包括三首在电台播放的歌曲。在1938年Holiday又与Artie Shaw Orchestra合作了一段时间，但存在同样的问题（他们仅合作录制了一首歌），而且她还不得不处理面临的种族问题，不仅在她的Southern旅行演出中，在New York她也遇到了同样的问题。1939年在Café Society的一段时间里，Holiday的星路有所升温。在那一年Holiday以一曲恐怖独特Strange Fruit（也被认为是反种族问题的宣言）给世人留下了深刻的印象。这一歌曲也成了她表演的保留节目。她1940——1942年的唱片让人们更多体会到的是，与以前相比，她“扮演”了举足轻重的配唱角色。
虽然Holiday的演唱不如以前那样充满爵士乐风格，但在1944年——1949年期间，她的声音却是最强有力的。她已经推出了Fine and Mellow (1939)和God Bless the Child (1941)，但却是在Decca中才产生了她最有影响力的歌曲Lover Man，以及Don*t Explain, Good Morning和她翻唱的歌曲Ain*t Nobody*s Business If I Do, Them There Eyes, Crazy He Calls Me。然而不幸的是，在专集发行之前她就已经染上了海洛因，1947年的大部分时间里她是在监狱里度过的。但由于她的知名程度，她成了一个反面的“杰出人物”，听众的数量反而激增。在1946年Lady Day有机会在Hollywood的电影New Orleans中演出，虽然对自己仅在剧中表演一个女仆而感到沮丧，但Holiday还是与她以前的偶像Louis Armstrong在剧中进行了合作。
1950年以后Billie开始走下坡路，虽然她在Norman Granz公司（成立于1952年）的唱片使她重新成为爵士乐全明星组合中的一员（其他人包括Charlie Shavers, Buddy DeFranco, Harry “Sweets”Edison和Ben Webster），但是她的音质下滑很快。她的不愉快的个人生活使她感到沮丧，而且她继续吸食海洛因和酗酒，到1956年她已经失去了一流音乐人的位置。在1957年Holiday释放了她的最后一颗卫星——在The Sound of Jazz电视广播中演唱了单曲Fine and Mellow（参加者还包括Lester Young, Ben Webster, Coleman Hawkins, Gerry Mulligan和Roy Eldridge），但结束的日子似乎已经近了。在1958年Holiday推出了专集Lady in Saint。然而在接下来的一年中这位歌手终于倒下了，在她生命最后的“篇章”里，她在病床上因被发现私自窝藏海洛而被捕。 值得庆幸的是，Holiday的唱片在她去世后又受到了人们比她在世时更狂热的喜好，几乎她所有的歌曲都制成了CD。《The Complete Billie Holiday on Verve,1945-1959 Box Set》为系列专辑，共10CD，由Wynton Kelly，Tony Scott，Jo Jones，Billie Holiday，Lester Young 共同完成.
The first popular jazz singer to move audiences with the intense, personal feeling of classic blues, Billie Holiday changed the art of American pop vocals forever. Almost fifty years after her death, it's difficult to believe that prior to her emergence, jazz and pop singers were tied to the Tin Pan Alley tradition and rarely personalized their songs; only blues singers like Bessie Smith and Ma Rainey actually gave the impression they had lived through what they were singing. Billie Holiday's highly stylized reading of this blues tradition revolutionized traditional pop, ripping the decades-long tradition of song plugging in two by refusing to compromise her artistry for either the song or the band. She made clear her debts to Bessie Smith and Louis Armstrong (in her autobiography she admitted, "I always wanted Bessie's big sound and Pops' feeling"), but in truth her style was virtually her own, quite a shock in an age of interchangeable crooners and band singers.
With her spirit shining through on every recording, Holiday's technical expertise also excelled in comparison to the great majority of her contemporaries. Often bored by the tired old Tin Pan Alley songs she was forced to record early in her career, Holiday fooled around with the beat and the melody, phrasing behind the beat and often rejuvenating the standard melody with harmonies borrowed from her favorite horn players, Armstrong and Lester Young. (She often said she tried to sing like a horn.) Her notorious private life — a series of abusive relationships, substance addictions, and periods of depression — undoubtedly assisted her legendary status, but Holiday's best performances ("Lover Man," "Don't Explain," "Strange Fruit," her own composition "God Bless the Child") remain among the most sensitive and accomplished vocal performances ever recorded. More than technical ability, more than purity of voice, what made Billie Holiday one of the best vocalists of the century — easily the equal of Ella Fitzgerald or Frank Sinatra — was her relentlessly individualist temperament, a quality that colored every one of her endlessly nuanced performances.
Billie Holiday's chaotic life reportedly began in Baltimore on April 7, 1915 (a few reports say 1912) when she was born Eleanora Fagan Gough. Her father, Clarence Holiday, was a teenaged jazz guitarist and banjo player later to play in Fletcher Henderson's Orchestra. He never married her mother, Sadie Fagan, and left while his daughter was still a baby. (She would later run into him in New York, and though she contracted many guitarists for her sessions before his death in 1937, she always avoided using him.) Holiday's mother was also a young teenager at the time, and whether because of inexperience or neglect, often left her daughter with uncaring relatives. Holiday was sentenced to Catholic reform school at the age of ten, reportedly after she admitted being raped. Though sentenced to stay until she became an adult, a family friend helped get her released after just two years. With her mother, she moved in 1927, first to New Jersey and soon after to Brooklyn.
In New York, Holiday helped her mother with domestic work, but soon began moonlighting as a prostitute for the additional income. According to the weighty Billie Holiday legend (which gained additional credence after her notoriously apocryphal autobiography Lady Sings the Blues), her big singing break came in 1933 when a laughable dancing audition at a speakeasy prompted her accompanist to ask her if she could sing. In fact, Holiday was most likely singing at clubs all over New York City as early as 1930-31. Whatever the true story, she first gained some publicity in early 1933, when record producer John Hammond — only three years older than Holiday herself, and just at the beginning of a legendar
